Double-click Checkboxes are …
… one of the most terrible ideas i've heard about in a while. Users expect a checkbox to be single-click. Period.
There is no problem with accidently clicking checkboxes:
Actions triggered by checkboxes should be instantly reversible per se. Thus, miss-clicking should be a non-issue, since a simple second click will restore the previous state.
If this is not the way your checkboxes behave, they should not be checkboxes, but — most likely — buttons!
What you can do to make it even less a problem:
Your question is a textbook example for Fitts' Law:
[…] we see a speed–accuracy trade off associated with pointing, whereby targets that are smaller and/or further away require more time to acquire.
According to that, you should basically make your checkboxes:
- Big, so they're hard to miss
- and/or positioned in such a way that the average distance the mouse has to travel to a checkbox is minimal.