IMAO, neither is perfect. Going for all-in-one-page has already been described in the previous answer.
On the other hand, one-question-per-page is quite boring and monotonous.
Survey designer should
- keep in mind that participating a survey is a favor from the user, not the other way around.
- Keep the questions interesting, concise while effective.
- And, mind the click-count. Loading individual pages on slower networks, as well as on mobile, will quickly frustrate the user and push him subconsciously to give up.
In your context, i would
- group the 10 must-ask questions into just 2/3 pages
- keep the order of the questions random, unless sequence between questions is necessity.
- keep "make-it-interesting" as top-priority. Effectiveness will follow.