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From your description, I believe you are referring to a Badge component. Badges are used as status indicators on many places like user profile, mailbox and bell icons and sometimes it can be in the form of a numeric counter for a running tally or just a dot indicating the status.
About the positioning, there is no rule that states explicitly to position ...
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The common pattern followed everywhere is placing the count in the top right corner. The interpretation is easier when the count is placed on the top right rather than top-left because the first you will check is what the icon represents then the count.
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Following is my interpretation:
The numbers are placed on the right of the notification icon, to go with the user's reading pattern, which happens to be Left-to-Right (LTR) as per your example. I suspect that the position would be on the left side of the notification icon, for the users who read from right to left.
Notification with the icon on the left ...
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