Good UI layout will remain the same whether it's in dark or light.
Therefore, research into good UI practices will serve you well, regardless of the light you're in.
However, to help you out, the difference in how the user sees good UI in bright light would be in contrast of colors. Generally in lighter conditions, colors will appear more washed out and loose their contrast, so users typically make the screen lighter to help combat this.
I would try going outside into bright sunlight with your phone and navigate a few different apps, see which one is easiest to read, and think about why it is.
Update:
To specifically answer each question.
- Examples would be GPS like apps where the screen adapts to darkness and changes the background color from a white-ish to a dark-ish color. It is still important to realize that you do not want to change the layout of your UI based on your surroundings, as that is generally bad UI. A good article for all the other situations is over at Smashing Magazine (https://www.smashingmagazine.com/2012/12/creating-an-adaptive-system-to-enhance-ux/)
- That question does not belong in UX Stack Exchange, as it is more of a technical question that belongs on http://stackoverflow.com