A development framework such as Bootstrap and Foundation provides the set of guidelines, tools and components for building interfaces that can be standardized, maintained and extended.
In the same way a design framework should exist to provide the set of guidelines, tools and components for designing interfaces that can be standardized, maintained and extended. However, it seems to be common practice for UX designers to work separately with developers, visual/graphic designers, copywriters, etc to do their work, rather than creating a set of standards that align with existing development frameworks, visual style guides, branding guides, communication frameworks and UI/interaction pattern libraries.
For the purposes of this question, a design framework provides the objectives and intent for the proposed UX design solution (preferably based on business, technical and user requirements/analysis) and includes: a design guideline document that provides the principles and rules to guide the interaction/UI design process, and a design language that is used to describe the user mental model, process workflow, information architecture plus the visual and behavioural characteristics of the interface. Basically, it allows a UX designer to create specifications that is independent of the technology used to implement the solution.
Are these types of standards commonly used within organisations? Is it even important or essential for UX design work? If not then what is the normal process to ensure that a consistent user experience can be created for various products and services.
I think Google Materials Design is the closest example I can think of that represents a design framework, although it is missing some of the user mental model, process workflow and information architecture side of things (understandably so, since each product and service may have different requirements).