I believe that the Australian government has adopted a more rigorous approach for all federal websites to conform with WCAG2.0 requirements compared to the US, unless there section 508 is just part of a bigger legislative framework. The strategy taken by the Australian government departments are described here:
http://webguide.gov.au/accessibility-usability/accessibility/
A list of comformance testing tools and evaluation templates have been provided here:
http://webguide.gov.au/accessibility-usability/accessibility/conformance-testing/#Selection
Some of the tools listed include:
- Code inspection and validation tools
- Colour contrast analysers
- Assistive technologies (ATs) or AT emulators
I think the W3C website is a good starting point to match good design principles to standards that you need to comply with under the WCAG 2.0 guidelines: http://www.w3.org/WAI/users/Overview.html
The website includes information on:
- How People with Disabilities Use the Web
- Web Accessibility and Older People
- Developing Websites for Older People
- Mobile Accessibility
- Web Content Accessibility and Mobile Web
There is a lot of information to go through, so you might just need to take some time to work out the level of compliance you need to meet and go from there.