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What do people feel about interactive page turn documents? Here's an example (I'm not focusing on this report specifically - just happened to be an example I knew off the top of my head).

Do these provide a good user experience or are there better ways of achieving the same thing?

As with any UX question, the best answer is always "It depends ..." of course! I'd be interested in what people think are the pros and cons. However, personally I am not a fan - online reading behaviour is very different from offline reading behaviour (scanning, satisficing, etc) so simply reproducing a printed page in a 'gimmicky' interactive format seems a bit disingenuous to me. I can't help but feel that they don't really add more than a standard PDF, and suspect that if there is a large amount of content users go straight to the downloadable PDF and print/read that instead anyway (however, I don't have access to web analytics in this instance to back this up) ...

Does anyone have any analysis of these tools, or can point me in the direction of some arguments for and against them?

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  • Thanks for all of the comments folks - these are great. Was great to have some extra ammunition to help convince my client that this wasn't the right solution for them.
    – Tom
    Commented Apr 23, 2010 at 9:30

3 Answers 3

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Oh, wow. You might call this an example of the “metaphor anti-pattern,” where they re-create a physical something in digital form and thereby replicate all its weaknesses; plus, since you can’t truly replicate everything you introduce new weaknesses. In this case for example, users can’t fan through multiple pages to skim to what they want. The result is you’re creating advanced technology to make something that is less usable than the original technology it replaces. Alan Cooper and Robert Reimann describe this blooper in Chapter 20 of About Face 2.0 (pg252).

The idea is apparently to use a magazine metaphor so users will know how to interact with it. Users know how to flip pages in a magazine, so they’ll know how to flip pages in this digital replica. Theoretically, this would be good for someone who is totally unfamiliar with computers. However, if they have to get to this document by going through conventional web pages, then they must already know how to click and scroll, so they’re getting no benefit from the capacity to flip pages like a magazine. Maybe if the computer is booted with this UI already loaded, they might benefit from it….

Or maybe not, since it isn’t quite the same as magazine. The mouse provides no tactile feedback, so “flipping” is slower, clumsier, and more error prone. The fact that the designers had to put redundant buttons to turn pages is a pretty good clue that page flipping is not intuitive and/or kind of a pain. And if users understand GUI buttons, then they’re not going to benefit from knowing how to flip magazine pages.

That’s about all I can say on the “pro” side. With some work you can make it as good as viewing a PDF in Acrobat Reader, mostly be replicating most of the features that are in Reader. The main ones I see missing from your example are a scroll bar or equivalent (e.g,. fanning) to quickly get to arbitrary content, and bookmarks to quickly get to major content breaks. Add those, it’ll be about as good as Reader, once users learn it (I keep forgetting there’s no “dead space” on the page to cancel an action and thus accidentally turn pages or zoom in/out). Or save yourself and your users the trouble and just rely on Reader, which is probably installed on as many computers as Flash. So I agree, I don't see any advantages over Reader for any reasonably likely scenario. It's more likely to require more learning and be harder to use. And, yes, it's gimmicky too.

Of course, the content really should be in conventional web pages. That’s what HTML was invented for. This magazine metaphor is notably inferior to conventional web pages. Off the top of my head (many of these apply to PDFs too):

  • You have to zoom in and out to read the content, in addition to flipping pages.

  • Lots of panning around, both horizontally and vertically. By replicating a printed document's multiple columns the user may have to pan down, then up and over and down again to read a single page. In conventional web pages, the user only scrolls down.

  • No in-line hyperlinks to jump directly to topics of interest.

  • Content is broken up arbitrarily into pages due to replicating the physical limits of a paper page (conventional web pages break content into meaningful chunks).

  • Unpredictable Back button operation. In the example implementation, the users can quickly "bury" their histories, making it difficult to return to the place where they got the document.

  • Inability to bookmark/favorite individual pages.

  • Accessibility concerns.

  • Slow downloads.

  • Possible compatibility issues with privacy settings, plug-ins , the browser, or OS. iPad anyone?

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  • 2
    Wow, that's a good comment. Don't forget SEO issues too! I guess that these things have their place, such as for replicating a hardcopy of small glossy brochures on a PC, but for actually reading magazines, articles, books I'd say they're a big no-no. I would imagine it is a 'Pleasing the CEO \ Marketing exec' type development rather than being truely usable due to these issues you mention.
    – JonW
    Commented Apr 20, 2010 at 14:02
  • I just have to say that answers like this are the reason this site has become my "go to" ux resource. Awesome.
    – Ali
    Commented Apr 22, 2010 at 10:30
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I can't say I'm a massive fan but I have worked on projects with clients who love it and seen stats to demonstrate users are not deterred.

Pros

  • Familiar, 'real-world' layout and navigation
  • Supports rich media that can't be published as a PDF
  • Clients like it
  • Users use it (I can't divulge stats nor have I seen any split test analysis)

Cons

  • Requires Flash (although there are limited javascript alternatives such as this one)
  • Difficult to make fully accessible
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In general I agree with Rob. Here are some more thoughts:

From the publishers point of view it looks like this:

Pros

  • It's very easy to create. There are some tools like zmags which you mentioned or issuu or others. You can just import a PDF and get this kind of 'page turn document'.
  • You don't even need to have your website or hosting to store this document.
  • Viewer can be embedded which is great for marketing, blogging and so on. May be used for kiosks too.
  • Users can easily watch it. No need to download or print. But yes, requires Flash.

Cons

  • Accessibility issues (I would add here the fact that content can't be indexed by search engines)
  • Requires Flash (though according to statistics 96% of users have Flash player installed)
  • Reading experience isn't great - you mentioned it in your question

As a conclusion I think it works very well for traditional publishers who want to put there print magazines, books (and other production) to the web. For others it also may be useful but there are more alternatives.

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