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I have a field for which the user may select multiple responses, and is likely to be implemented as a drop-down with checkboxes. The user can select one, two, or many from the list of options. We're even providing a "All options" option to speed things along.

The field has one last requirement though, and that is that the user must select at least one option. They can select and de-select each option independently, but they must leave at least one selected.

Normally with a form we can also do field-validation, but in this case the values selected are dynamically linked into a chart thing and so we're looking for a UI which effectively forces the constraint.

Any suggestions?

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    Why force a constraint? Couldn't you just show an empty graph when nothing was selected?
    – Marjan Venema
    Oct 17, 2011 at 8:28

4 Answers 4

Reset to default
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A pattern for this problem exists as such:

  1. by default the 'all options' checkbox is checked
  2. once a user checks an 'option n' box, the 'all options' checkbox will automatically uncheck
  3. the user continues to check/uncheck 'option n', if at any point they uncheck all 'option n' then 'all options' automatically checks

This way it is not possible for a user to get into a situation where they have no boxes checked. This exists in many facet-based search tools. An example that comes off the top of my head is LinkedIn People Search (the 'refine by' options on the left of the search results follow this pattern).

NOTE: If you are building a web application you would need to invoke some client-side script and event handlers to make this work, so if your users may not have javascript-enabled then you would have to cover that case also.

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    Good answer - this is indeed how many faceted search systems work - in fact, very often, the 'all options' is implicit but not present, for example JohnLewis.com TVs - If you unselect LCD TVs then you get all TVs - (same for all facets).
    – Roger Attrill
    Oct 16, 2011 at 9:34
  • Thanks, I had seen that as well in places (expedia maybe?). I think I prefer the 'all options' being explicit as there is less magic going on for me to discover?
    – Jon White
    Oct 16, 2011 at 13:00
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    The only oddity with the 'all options' approach is - what happens when you try and uncheck the 'all options' checkbox - you can't - it stays checked. (There is no other logical action without preferentially choosing one or more options to be enabled). I don't think that's a major issue - just one to ensure it is catered for and is acceptable in this scenario.
    – Roger Attrill
    Oct 16, 2011 at 15:34
  • that oddity is visible here: realestate.com.au/buy
    – Erics
    Nov 4, 2011 at 13:32
  • This is not working for me as the "All option" is not my preferred default. My condition is like this - The user will need to select at least one or a few options at one time but never "All" and "none".
    – Prabin Pebam
    Dec 28, 2015 at 11:15
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If falling back to a default (such as 'all countries') cost too much (performance-wise), you might consider graying out and freezing the graph with a message displayed.

The restraint of having one country selected always can be frustrating if you want to select (say) Zambia instead of Afghanistan: you can't just unselect the one you're at (Afghanistan) and then scroll down and select Zambia, rather you need to scroll through the list twice, because you must select before unselect. That is not very user friendly.

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Why not just show an alert/validator-tip when the user tries to move forward without any item selected? Is it necessary for users to know of this requirement, even if they already fulfilled it without knowing about it?

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    Imagine if the control was for selecting which countries' populations over time were to be plotted for comparison, and as each country is selected it updates a graph. We could plonk a message into the middle of the graph saying "hey, if you want to see a graph of populations ya gotta select at least one country."
    – Erics
    Oct 16, 2011 at 8:09
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I am not certain that this will help, because i have no idea what is the type of the content, but one solution might be to isolate the process of selection (in a popup or so), and in that separate moment you notify your user that he cant deselect all the checkboxes, and that at least one needs to be selected (in case user deselects all). If there is lots of choices maybe it is better to have them in a popup because of the problem Inca already mentioned too.

Depending on the content you can put the most common choices visible, and then toggle popup if they click on "Show more"...

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